Tubulin Post-Translational Modifications and Microtubule Dynamics
نویسندگان
چکیده
Microtubules are hollow tube-like polymeric structures composed of α,β-tubulin heterodimers. They play an important role in numerous cellular processes, including intracellular transport, cell motility and segregation of the chromosomes during cell division. Moreover, microtubule doublets or triplets form a scaffold of a cilium, centriole and basal body, respectively. To perform such diverse functions microtubules have to differ in their properties. Post-translational modifications are one of the factors that affect the properties of the tubulin polymer. Here we focus on the direct and indirect effects of post-translational modifications of tubulin on microtubule dynamics.
منابع مشابه
Tubulin post-translational modifications: encoding functions on the neuronal microtubule cytoskeleton.
In the past decades, a range of post-translational modifications has been discovered on tubulins, the major constituents of microtubules. Pioneering studies have described the occurrence and dynamics of these modifications and provided first insights into their potential functions in regulating the microtubule cytoskeleton. By contrast, several tubulin-modifying enzymes were only discovered in ...
متن کاملTubulin modifications and their cellular functions.
All microtubules are built from a basic alpha/beta-tubulin building block, yet subpopulations of microtubules can be differentially marked by a number of post-translational modifications. These modifications, conserved throughout evolution, are thought to act individually or in combination to control specific microtubule-based functions, analogous to how histone modifications regulate chromatin...
متن کاملPathogenic role of Tubulin Post-translational Modifications in Degenerative Disease of Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
Two different neurodegenerative diseases are considered in this project: Alzheimer disease (AD) and chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) that respectively affect the central and the peripheral nervous system. Our overall aim is to understand whether alterations in synaptic plasticity or axonal viability, both associated to neurodegenerative disease, are a result of inhibition of mi...
متن کاملMicrotubule composition: cryptography of dynamic polymers.
T he posttranslational modification of microtubules reveals additional levels of diversity within the cytoarchitecture. Modified forms of microtubules are differentially distributed in cells and harbor distinct sets of microtubule-associated proteins. It has been difficult to ascertain whether these posttranslational modifications dictate microtubule dynamics, or whether particular modification...
متن کاملHysteretic behavior and differential apparent stability properties of microtubule species emerge from the regulation of post-translational modifications of microtubules.
At the epigenetic level, microtubule diversity is generated by several mechanisms of reversible post-translational modifications of tubulin subunits. In most cases, modification enzymes preferentially act on the tubulin subunits of microtubules, whereas the substrate of the enzymes which ensure the reverse reaction is preferentially the alpha beta-dimer of nonpolymerized tubulin. Most modificat...
متن کامل